hacktricks/forensics/pcaps-analysis/README.md

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# Pcaps analysis
Start **searching** for **malware** inside the pcap. Use the **tools** mentioned in [**Malware Analysis**](../malware-analysis.md).
A note about PCAP vs PCAPNG: there are two versions of the PCAP file format; PCAPNG is newer and not supported by all tools. You may need to convert a file from PCAPNG to PCAP using Wireshark or another compatible tool, in order to work with it in some other tools.
## Online tools for pcaps
* If the header of your pcap is **broken** you should try to **fix** it using: [http://f00l.de/hacking/**pcapfix.php**](http://f00l.de/hacking/pcapfix.php)\*\*\*\*
* Extract **information** and search for **malware** inside a pcap in [**PacketTotal**](https://packettotal.com/)\*\*\*\*
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* Search for **malicious activity** using [**www.virustotal.com**](https://www.virustotal.com/) and [**www.hybrid-analysis.com**](https://www.hybrid-analysis.com/)\*\*\*\*
## Basic Statistics
### Capinfos
```text
capinfos capture.pcap
```
### Wireshark
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_**You can find more Wireshark trick in:**_
{% page-ref page="wireshark-tricks.md" %}
## Suricata
### Install and setup
```text
apt-get install suricata
apt-get install oinkmaster
echo "url = http://rules.emergingthreats.net/open/suricata/emerging.rules.tar.gz" >> /etc/oinkmaster.conf
oinkmaster -C /etc/oinkmaster.conf -o /etc/suricata/rules
```
### Check pcap
```text
suricata -r packets.pcap -c /etc/suricata/suricata.yaml -k none -v -l log
```
## Ngrep
If you are **looking** for **something** inside the pcap you can use **ngrep**. And example using the main filters:
```text
ngrep -I packets.pcap "^GET" "port 80 and tcp and host 192.168 and dst host 192.168 and src host 192.168"
```
## Xplico Framework
Xplico can **analyze** a **pcap** and extract information from it. For example, from a pcap file Xplico extracts each email \(POP, IMAP, and SMTP protocols\), all HTTP contents, each VoIP call \(SIP\), FTP, TFTP, and so on.
### Install
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```bash
sudo bash -c 'echo "deb http://repo.xplico.org/ $(lsb_release -s -c) main" /etc/apt/sources.list'
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 791C25CE
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xplico
```
### Run
```text
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
/etc/init.d/xplico start
```
Access to _**127.0.0.1:9876**_ with credentials _**xplico:xplico**_
Then create a **new case**, create a **new session** inside the case and **upload the pcap** file.
## NetworkMiner
Like Xplico it is a tool to analyze and extract objects from pcaps. It has a free edition that you can download [here](https://www.netresec.com/?page=NetworkMiner).
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## [BruteShark](https://github.com/odedshimon/BruteShark)
* Extracting and encoding usernames and passwords \(HTTP, FTP, Telnet, IMAP, SMTP...\)
* Extract authentication hashes and crack them using Hashcat \(Kerberos, NTLM, CRAM-MD5, HTTP-Digest...\)
* Build visual network diagram \(Network nodes & users\)
* Extract DNS queries
* Reconstruct all TCP & UDP Sessions
* File Carving
## Other pcap analysis tricks
* [DNSCat pcap analysis](dnscat-exfiltration.md)
* [USB Keyboard pcap analysis](usb-keyboard-pcap-analysis.md)